The Role Of Electronic And The Media - 943 Words

section barriers are discussed. In the context of this model, the role of electronic and media in promoting awareness, willingness of nursing staff and review committee to revise policies and curriculum, and cost and feasibility of infrastructural changes are discussed in detail. Role of electronic and print media in promoting awareness: Any policy to gain momentum must have public support. The public must be convinced of its importance through repeated exposure and explained the repercussions of not implementing the policy. The role of print and electronic media lacks in certain areas creating little value to any event or program that highlights the importance of implementing fall-prevention programs through formal training of nursing staff. Revision in current policies: Previous policies must be evaluated to assess the need and room for revision before policy implementation. This is agenda entrance level of policy formulation model of Cobb and Elder (1983). Current policies would be reviewed thoroughly to minimize conflicting policy by the review board by the graduate student. The education departments are task with the duties to write policies and implement all nursing related education at ARMC. The review board will be established by a nursing committee and would be a time-consuming task. This critical task of the review entails consistency, commitment, and motivation and is vulnerable to inadvertent changes created by the institution. Revision in current courses toShow MoreRelatedThe Media And Its Effects On The Arab Countries And The Results Thereof1517 Words   |  7 PagesElectronic News The Arab World, particularly in the Middle East, observers have widely appreciated and welcomed the idea of a potent media sector. Developed democratic states such as Europe, North America and Japan are known for their high hopes with regard to the media’s role as the government’s watchdogs and are normally rivaled by incredulous views of the susceptibility of the media’s power and commercial welfare. For most Arab countries, which are somehow still typified by authoritarian governanceRead MoreElectronic Media And Sleep Research951 Words   |  4 PagesElectronic Media and Sleep Over the years, electronic media has contributed different ways in the modern society, especially young adults, who has been the largest group among media users. The use of Electronic Media has recently raised a concern regarding to sleeping behaviors that are presented among students around the world. Since the early 21st century, researchers have conducted a study that shows the connection between electronic media and sleeping patterns with young adults (Journal of SleepRead MoreIs Electronic Media Beneficial in Children’s Education? Essay1408 Words   |  6 PagesIs Electronic Media beneficial in Children’s Education? Over the last decades, it is generally realized that the educational technology has developed dramatically. Electronic media has benefitted the system of education in an enormous way. Electronic media is the media which uses electronics or electromechanical energy for the audience to access the content. Video recording, audio recording, multimedia presentations, CD-ROM and online content are all forms of electronic media and any equipment usedRead MoreSocial Media And Electronic Gadgets1231 Words   |  5 PagesBan Social Media and Electronic Gadgets In the last decade, social media has tremendously revolutionized the way people socialize and communicate on the web. According to McCombs (2012), social media is a platform that allows people to stay connected through internet. In essence, social media has had a considerable impact on businesses, politics, family relations, and our culture. People are using social media to communicate with family members or their acquaintances to catch up on the latest issuesRead MoreElectronic Mass Media1228 Words   |  5 PagesELECTRONIC MASS MEDIA IN TODAY’S SOCIETY MASS MEDIA Mass media refers collectively to all media technologies, including the Internet, television, newspapers, and radio, which are used for mass communications, and to the organizations which control these technologies. Mass media play a significant role in shaping public perceptions on a variety of important issues, both through the information that is dispensed through them, and through the interpretations they place upon this information. TheRead MoreElectronic Media1675 Words   |  7 PagesELECTRONIC MEDIA AND PRINT MEDIA INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRONIC MEDIA This is a type of MASS MEDIA which uses ELECTRONIC Energy in the user end. The most familiar electronic media includes video recording, audio recording, multimedia presentations, slide presentations, CD ROM’S and online contents. Also, recorded broadcasting in television, radio, telephone etc. could be considered as electronic media. THE BASIC USES OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA Electronic Media is probably the most diversified subject of studyRead MorePrint Media And Digital Media1740 Words   |  7 PagesThe print and the digital media have been in the forefront in acting as the social mirror reflecting on what goes on in the society. Thus when it is said that the print media is dead it becomes quite disturbing because traditionally it is known as the only tool that people have come to trust to deliver information in a holistic manner. Well, in the advertising world, it is assumed that the more the products are displayed in pages of magazines and newspapers; they are bound to be sold more becauseRead More Postmans Amusing Ourselves to Death Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesAmusing Ourselves to Death; Mediums, Friend or Foe? Electronic media is inferior to print media due to the fact that electronic media can be bias, selective, and evasive for the purpose of entertainment. Electronic media serves as a form of entertainment with a main goal of serving their ratings rather than serving the people. It would seem that Postman would agree with this theory since he describes electronic media as a form of entertainment rather than a reliable source of information and factsRead MoreThe Importance of Electronic Medical Records in Computerized Health Information System917 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Electronic medical records are the core element in computerized health information system. These systems are constructed with a staggering ability to provide integrated, articulated information. At the center of these systems rest electronic medical records. The strength of these articulated medical records systems is their ability to integrate information from specialists, disciplines, providers, and operators (Coiera, 2003). From fragmented, incomplete paper-based systems that areRead MoreThe Impact Of Electronic Media On Physical, Cognitive, Social And Behavioral Development Of Children1749 Words   |  7 Pages IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC MEDIA ON PHYSICAL, COGNITIVE, SOCIAL AND BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN Manal S.El Defrawy MD1, Ola G. Behairy MD1, Mona A. Elawady MD2, Doaa Mohammad MSC1 Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt1 Community Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Egypt2 Abstract Background: Our lives become saturated with technology and mobile phones are an essential part of our daily activity, and many of our entertainment is provided through the

A P by John Updike and Araby by James Joyce - 573 Words

In the short story AP, John Updike uses the power of desire as his theme. The girls, knowing it was not ethical, walk into the market with bathing suits and catch the eyes of the male workers. As the girls are acting innocent, they walk around as the guys just watch what the girls are going to do next. In many ways, taunting the males and walking in the grocery store was going against conformity, thus, leaving the girls embarrassed and shy when they are confronted by the manager of the store. In a fit of anger and trying to be a hero for the ladies, a boy clerk tells the manager he quits because his manager blatantly told the girls that they needed to come clothed to the store next time. In the text The Art of John Updikes A P† it states, Outraged that his manager, Lengel, has made that pretty girl blush and wanting to demonstrate his refusal of such demeaning authority, (Saldivar, 1997). The girls were giving the males in the store a sense of false hope just getting attention for their own self-fulfillment. Like in Araby the boy falls in love with a girl and feels like it is his responsibility and duty to make her happy. He feels as if she is the only thing in his life that makes him happy and living in a boring, small town is what brings him down. The settings of the two stories are similar in that both of the protagonist, which are the boys, live in small towns filled with elderly people. They both feel as if there is not a way out and they have both livedShow MoreRelatedAP by John Updike and Araby by James Joyce Essay examples856 Words   |  4 PagesThe two stories I chose are AP by John Updike and Araby by James Joyce. Both stories tell a tale of social and philosophical differences of middle class adolescent boys, when compared to the adults in the stories. In the short story AP by John Updike, the story is told in a first person narrative of a teenage boy working as a cashier in an AP grocery store on a hot summer day. The story begins with the teenage boy named Sammy becoming preoccupied by a group of three teenage girls that walkRead MoreJohn Updike s A P And James Joyce s Araby1877 Words   |  8 PagesComing-of-age is a chapter that every individual must inevitably trek through in order to grow and mature into one’s own self. In John Updike’s AP and James Joyce’s Araby, the theme of growth permeates throughout both narratives as their respective protagonists fabricate an ideal world from their own naive perspectives, only to shed their ignorant fantasies about how they believe to understand that the world can bend to their decisions to truly understand the cruelty behind world they live in: reachingRead MoreEssay on Comparison of A P by John Updike and Araby by James Joyce681 Words   |  3 Pages John Updikes â€Å"A P† and James Joyces â€Å"Araby† are very similar. The theme of the two stories is about a young man who is interested in figuring out the difference between reality and the fantasies of romance that play in his head and of the mistaken thoughts each has about their world, the girls, and themselves. One of the main similarities between the two stories is the fact that the main character has built up unrealistic expectations of women. Both characters have focused upon one girl inRead MoreThe Stages of Maturation in James Joyce’s Araby John Updikes AP from the Authors Perspective902 Words   |  4 PagesWhen comparing the views of both James Joyce and John Updike on maturation from adolescence to adulthood it will be important to continually compare two of their similar works in Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† and Updike’s â€Å"AP†. James Joyce and John Updike follow similar views with the latter using Joyce as a foundation and following in similar footsteps; both authors follow a process of maturation based on the allure of love, while doing it at different stages of each of the protagonists’ lives resulting in similarRead More Love and Disillusionment in Araby and A and P Essay980 Words   |  4 PagesLove and Disillusionment in â€Å"Araby by James Joyce and â€Å"A and P by John Updike â€Å"Araby by James Joyce and â€Å"A and P by John Updike are both short stories in which the central characters are in love with women who don’t even know it. The Araby story started sad and ended sadder, however, the â€Å"A and P† story started happy and ended with a heroic act that went unnoticed. The main characters both experience new situations and truths of which they were not previously aware. Both stories willRead More The Decline of Chivalry Explored in Araby and AP Essay1211 Words   |  5 PagesRomantic gestures have been seen as a useful motive to win hearts of women for centuries. However, as society constantly changes, the effectiveness of these chivalrous acts has diminished. In James Joyce’s â€Å"Araby† and John Updike’s â€Å"AP†, this theory is explored, both telling the story of a boy whose efforts to impress the girl of their desires fail. As said by Well’s in his critical analysis of these stories, â€Å"Both the protagonists have come to realize that romantic gestures—in fact, that the wholeRead MoreEpiphany Vs Araby833 Words   |  4 Pagesthe modern age are â€Å"AP† by John Updike and â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce. The story â€Å"AP† by John Updike is about an eighteen year old boy named Sammy who works at the AP and finds an attraction to three girls who repeatedly walk into the AP in bathing suits, after the girls are embarrassed by the manager Sammy does the heroic act of quitting in honor of the three girls. The short story â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce is about a boy who take on the quest of going to a bazaar called Araby and buying his crush aRead More Comparing Updikes AP and Joyces Araby Essay1336 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Updikes A P and Joyces Araby  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   John Updikes A P and James Joyces Araby share many of the same literary traits. The primary focus of the two stories revolves around a young man who is compelled to decipher the difference between cruel reality and the fantasies of romance that play in his head. That the man does, indeed, discover the difference is what sets him off into emotional collapse. One of the main similarities between the two stories is the fact that the mainRead MoreA P And Araby By James Joyce1200 Words   |  5 Pages AP by John Updike and Araby by James Joyce are two short stories that have multiple differences and similarities. AP is about a teenager and his lust for young ladies and Araby is about a young boy who had a crush on a older girl. I will be comparing and contrasting the portrayal of women, love and epiphany in the two short stories AP and Araby. I believe women are portrayed negatively in AP. I have came to this conclusion because I believe Sammy treats the â€Å"Queenie† positively but treatsRead MoreCompare And Contrast Araby And A P Short Story999 Words   |  4 Pagesstories â€Å"AP† by John Updike and â€Å"Araby† by James Joyce both reflect coming of age stories. In the story AP, the narrator, Sammy quits his job to stand up for the three girls wearing â€Å"nothing but their bathing suits†() In the story Araby, the narrator shows himself growing up through discovering his sexuality. In the stories AP and Araby there are strong similarities in the plot and setting, however they are also different in the imagery and figurative language. The setting in â€Å"AP† takes place

Yevgeniy free essay sample

Walking into the school for disabled children was an unsettling experience. Between every pair of cots sat a small child in a wheelchair staring up at me with an inscrutable expression. Tears threatened to reveal my fear and discomfort. I have wanted to be a child psychologist from the age of ten, when my cousin’s autism exposed me to experimental treatments of childhood disorders. I suppose I thought I would walk into the school and know what all the children needed, but once there, I felt helpless. I saw each child as I had seen the one before someone whom I would never be capable of reaching. The next day when I returned, I observed the teachers. I wondered how they could be so adept at connecting to these kids who intimidated me. One teacher told me that the majority of the three-years-olds functioned at the level of a one-month-old. We will write a custom essay sample on Yevgeniy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If I couldn’t speak to them in a meaningful way, read to them, play games or interact on the levels to which I was accustomed, was my task simply to take care of their bodies? I couldn’t stop thinking about what they would be like had they been born healthy, and I again left feeling dismayed. Once the teachers knew I was responsible, my supervisor told me to play with a small boy named Yevgeniy. I spent the next hour looking at him. His infant mannerisms made me want to protect him. He was three and a half but weighed only 17 pounds because his parents had refused to have a feeding tube inserted. I was told that his parents wanted him to die so they could move on with their lives. I pictured his healthy alter ego and tried to imagine the person inside him trying to get out. As I did this, I dangled a chime near his hand, so as he moved involuntarily he would create a high metallic tone. With every sound he created, Yevgeniy squealed excitedly. I discovered he loved sounds. He beamed as I whispered into his ears, or sang. Yevgeniy and I made our own games. I now know that as soon as I learned who he was, I realized there was no secret identity inside him he was already somebody very complete. Yevgeniy taught me to see the other children as human beings. As soon as I saw them as Yevgeniy, who likes to be flipped from stomach to back and to stomach, and Raffi, who likes to give me hugs as I pass him in the hallway, and Patrick, who loves to open and close doors, as soon as I knew them and not just their conditions, I no longer felt afraid. I knew I could connect because we were all human, on every level, and this, I believe, is the secret to being a good psychologist.

Gatsby 17 Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

Gatsby 17 Essay, Research Paper The American Dream in The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald sees the # 8220 ; American Dream # 8221 ; as something corrupt, and non easy to accomplish. The # 8220 ; American Dream # 8221 ; is made up of a long societal ladder, and it is frequently impossible to be accepted at the top of this societal ladder. In The Great Gatsby Fitzgerald portrays Gatsby as a good illustration of the # 8220 ; American Dream. However, there is a all right line between what many think is the # 8220 ; American Dream, and what Fitzgerald thinks is the # 8220 ; American Dream. There is a difference between Gatsby # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; American Dream, and the ideal # 8220 ; American Dream # 8221 ; of others. The # 8220 ; American Dream # 8221 ; can be perceived in a figure of different ways. It can be optimism for the hereafter. Some people start out with nil, work candidly toil dark and twenty-four hours, and sometimes neer achieve anything. There are besides people that have their household # 8217 ; s fiscal support to educate them. We will write a custom essay sample on Gatsby 17 Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Finally, there is the illegal manner of accomplishing the # 8220 ; American Dream. Gatsby felt that the illegal manner was the most appealing to him. There are a figure of transitions that lead us to deduce Fitzgerald # 8217 ; s position of the # 8220 ; American Dream. Near the beginning of the narrative, Nick drops the first intimations that lead us to deduce Fitzgerald # 8217 ; s position of the # 8220 ; American Dream. Merely Gatsby, the adult male who gives his name to this book, was exempt from my reaction-Gatsby, who represented everything for which I have an unaffected contempt. If personality is an unbroken series of successful gestures, so there was something gorgeous about him, some heightened sensitiveness to the promises of life, as if he were related to one of those intricate machines that registry temblors ten thousand stat mis off. This reactivity had nil to make with that flabby feeling ability which is dignified under the name of the â€Å"creative temperament†- it was an extraordinary gift for hope, a romantic preparedness such as I have neer found in any other individual and which it is non likely I shall of all time happen once more. No- Gatsby turned out wholly right at the terminal ; it is what preyed on Gatsby, what foul dust floated in the aftermath of his dreams that temporarily closed out my involvement in the stillborn sorrows and blown elation of work forces. ( 6 ) In this transition, Nick feels understanding for Gatsby. He feels understanding for Gatsby because Gatsby # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; American Dream # 8221 ; is to be affluent, and to be accepted into Daisy and Tom s societal category. That societal category is precisely what Nick scorns. Jay Gatsby # 8217 ; s end is to be accepted in this devilish and fallacious societal category. This was Gatsby # 8217 ; s # 8220 ; American Dream. The lone manner Gatsby would hold a opportunity at winning Daisy # 8217 ; s bosom would be to come in this elect societal category. Fitzgerald does non portray the American Dream as something unachievable, but he portrays it as something that is non necessary to be happy. Fitzgerald does non believe that the American Dream is something so terrific that everyone should endeavor to accomplish it. In Fitzgerald s eyes, the American Dream is something that is non for all people. Fitzgerald did non achieve the American Dream, yet he is all right. The American Dream forces people to do hapless determinations in an effort to mount their manner out of poorness and into the upper echelon of the American societal construction. In Gatsby s instance, the American Dream grabbed a clasp of him so tightly that when he really achieved it ; he did non really desire it any more. F. Scott Fitzgerald s The Great Gatsby is a cautiousness for coevalss to come that they do non hold to follow anyone else s dreams, but they should follow their ain.

Compare and Contrast Poems Essay Sample

Compare and Contrast Poems Essay SampleWhat better way to make the transition from the classroom to college than to do a compare and contrast poetry essay? A standard composition essay is not only for students who have taken their classes at the same college, but also for those who have graduated and are seeking a new career. While writing a standard essay, you need to get the topic of the entire paper down, yet you can take a different approach to poetry with its many subjects and formats.Poems can vary in length, and the entire piece can vary in subject matter. Depending on the theme of the poem, you can also place a number of sentences around the poem that can act as synopses or also look at the process by which a piece of poetry was written. Students who are not familiar with poetry will benefit from this type of essay, as they will get the opportunity to put their knowledge of a particular style into practice. In a contrast essay, the two topics of a poem, such as historical or contemporary, will be compared side by side, and then the student will be asked to find similarities between the two.The only difference between a standard and a contrast poem is that the standards include the fact that the subject of the poem is something that a student will see in the person of the writer. By placing your own personal information in a poem, and then using it to point out how well it matches the standards of the style, you can use a contrast essay to demonstrate your ability to think about personal issues. One person may think a piece of poetry by Marie Callendar is very profound, while another might think that, because it was written in the present, the line 'the true flower that you see is your own' is too general to be meaningful.As one would expect, these types of essays can be used to prepare for more formal comparison essays, and there are several easy ways to make them come out in your favor. Some of the most important parts of the essay are the first few se ntences, the next few sentences, and the conclusion. You should do some preliminary research and talk to the teacher to get some helpful tips.The important thing is to make sure that the first sentence of the essay sets the tone, and the second sentence sets the atmosphere. In a contrast essay, each of the parts of the poem needs to be expressed in its own way.The opening sentences should tell the reader what the writer is writing about, so the entire poem can match the standards of the style that you are going for. Do not include the name of the poet, as doing so will make it seem as if the poetry has been written by the student herself, instead of by someone else, who will be reading it to the class.As a general rule, the opening sentences should be more descriptive and leave the reader wondering what the next few sentences will be about. Any interesting facts about the poet should be included in the first paragraph, then in the conclusion of the first sentence. As the student wri tes these sentences, the idea for a final paragraph should be flowing, as if the writer was just chatting with her friends and getting advice.The poem should include descriptions of the people and events of the poem, so that they are not taken out of context and misrepresented. Also, a number of sentences can be placed around the poem to act as a synopsis of the poem. These last paragraphs can be used to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the poem, so that any weaknesses can be brought out in the last few lines of the poem.

The Human Abstract Essays - Songs Of Innocence And Of Experience

The Human Abstract Annotated Bibliography: The Human Abstract The Human Abstract has not received much critical attention on its own. Of the critical interpretations that do exist, many approach the poem by examining its various manifestations in Blake's manuscripts, reading it against A Divine Image, a poem w hich was never finally published by Blake, or comparing it to its Innocence counterpart, The Divine Image. Most critics seem to agree that The Human Abstract represents a philosophical turning point in The Songs of Innocence and of Expe rience, and in Blake's work as a whole. In 1924, Joseph H. Wicksteed observes that this difficult poem, originally called 'The human Image, represents Blake's attempt to summarize his philosophy of revolt against the ob ject of worship he found in the mind of his age. He contends that Blake makes no distinction between God and Man: God is Man and Man is God, and either may be good or bad. Placing the poem in context with Blake's work as a whole, Wicksteed argues that, with this poem, Blake is moving toward s the position definitely reached in 'The Marriage,' that Reason, or the abstracting power of the mind, robs life of all its fullness and vigour. He then proceeds with a line-byline reading of the poem. Robert Gleckner briefly treats The Human Abstract in his book, The Piper and The Bard, suggesting that 'The Divine Image' of Innocence is perverted in experience to 'The Human Abstract.' He places the poem i n the didactic landscape of The Songs of Innocence and of Experience, contending that the rational 'holiness' in the poem leads us directly to the 'holiness' of 'Holy Thursday,' the 'heaven' of 'The Chimney Sweeper,' the 'Church' of 'The Littl e Vagabond,' the 'mystery' of 'A Little Boy Lost,' and the 'Christian forbearance' of 'A Poison Tree.' In a later essay, William Blake and the Human Abstract, 1961, Gleckner offers a more extensive reading of the poem, paying particular attention to t he formulation of its title and observing that of all the songs of experience the one which provides the greatest insight into Blake's concern with his titles, his struggle to define the two contrary states of the human soul, and his poetic technique (es pecially in the Songs of Experience), i s The Human Abstract. He also approaches the poem through an examination of the four drafts located in Blake's manuscript, pointing out that critics have neglected to examine the way in which the poem A Divine Image is complexly operative in 'The Human Abstract.' This connection is the focus of the Gleckner's essay, which he concludes with the contention that The Human Abstract represents Blake's final realization that the real disease is not a s ocial, economic, religious, [or] political force, but rather the cancerous tree of mystery...man's own thinking process. Later, both Geoffrey Keynes and David Erdman will point out that The Human Abstract replaced A Divine Image as the Experience response to The Divine Image. In Blake's Apocalypse: A Study in Poetic Argument, 1963, Harold Bloom reads The Human Abstract in conjunction with its Innocence partner, The Divine Image, noting that the word Abstract should not be misconst rued as literally meaning separated, because the contrast between the two poems is not between the integral and the split human nature, but rather between the equal delusions of Innocence and Experience as to the relationship of the h uman to the natural. He links the poem to both Genesis and the Norse myths of Odin (whom Bloom calls the Norse Nobodaddy) and Balder, observing that both the raven and the Tree of Mystery were drawn from those mythologies. In 1964, E.D. Hirsch also compares The Human Abstract to The Divine Image, contending that the former is not only a satire of [the latter] but also a naturalization of it. He asserts that the satirical first stanza should be read as if one of the Swedenborgian 'Angels' were speaking. He notes a change in tone, however, in the sec ond stanza where Blake quickly drops the angelic mask and converts the two remaining divine attributes of Innocence to something overtly sinister. For Hirsch, the primary myth which Blake is responding to is that

abstract expressiom Essay

abstract expressiom Essay abstract expressiom Essay A new vanguard emerged in the early 1940s, primarily in New York, where a small group of loosely affiliated artists created a stylistically diverse body of work that introduced radical new directions in art- and shifted the art world's focus. Never a formal association, the artists known as "Abstract Expressionists" or "The New York School" did, however, share some common assumptions. Among others, artists such as Jackson Pollock (1912–1956), Willem de Kooning (1904–1997), Franz Kline (1910–1962), Lee Krasner (1908–1984), Robert Motherwell (1915–1991), William Baziotes (1912–1963), Mark Rothko (1903–1970), Barnett Newman (1905–1970), Adolph Gottlieb (1903–1974), Richard Pousette-Dart (1916–1992), and Clyfford Still (1904–1980) advanced audacious formal inventions in a search for significant content. Breaking away from accepted conventions in both technique and subject matter, the artists made monumentally sc aled works that stood as reflections of their individual psyches- and in doing so, attempted to tap into universal inner sources. These artists valued spontaneity and improvisation, and they accorded the highest importance to process. Their work resists stylistic categorization, but it can be clustered around two basic inclinations: an emphasis on dynamic, energetic gesture, in contrast to a reflective, cerebral focus on more open fields of color. In either case, the imagery was primarily abstract. Even when depicting images based on visual realities, the Abstract Expressionists favored a highly abstracted mode. Abstract Expressionism developed in the context of diverse, overlapping sources and inspirations. Many of the young artists had made their start in the 1930s. The Great Depression yielded two popular art movements, Regionalism and Social Realism, neither of which satisfied this group of artists' desire to find a content rich with meaning and redolent of social responsibility, yet free of provincialism and explicit politics. The Great Depression also spurred the development of government relief programs, including the Works Progress Administration (WPA), a jobs program for unemployed Americans in which many of the group participated, and which allowed so many artists to establish a career path. But it was the exposure to and assimilation of European modernism that set the stage for the most advanced American art. There were several venues in New York for seeing avant-garde art from Europe. The Museum of Modern Art had opened in 1929, and there artists saw a rapidly growing collection acquired by director Alfred H. Barr, Jr. They were also exposed to groundbreaking temporary exhibitions of new work, including Cubism and Abstract Art (1936), Fantastic Art, Dada, Surrealism (1936–37), and retrospectives of , Là ©ger, and , among others. Another forum for viewing the most advanced art was Albert Gallatin's Museum of Living Art, which was housed at New York University from 1927 to 1943. There the Abstract Expressionists saw the work of Mondrian, Gabo, El Lissitzky, and others. The forerunner of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum- the Museum of Non-Objective Painting- opened in 1939. Even prior to that date, its collection of Kandinskys had been publicly exhibited several t imes. The lessons of European modernism were also disseminated through teaching. The German expatriate Hans Hofmann (1880–1966) became the most influential teacher of modern art in the United States, and his impact reached both artists and critics. The crisis of war and its aftermath are key to understanding the concerns of the Abstract Expressionists. These young artists, troubled by man's dark side and anxiously aware of human irrationality and vulnerability, wanted to express their concerns in a new art of meaning and substance. Direct contact with European artists increased as a result of World War II, which caused so many- including Dalà ­, Ernst, Masson, Breton, Mondrian, and Là ©ger- to seek refuge in the U.S. The opened up new possibilities with their